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26.02.2017

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Pētnieki izmantoja preparātu, kuru izstrādājis Lielbritānijas Oksfordas universitātes profesors Tomašs Hanke (Tomaš Hanke). Pēc četrām nedēļām astoņiem pacientiem vīruss atgriezās. Taču pārējie pieci spēja kontrolēt vīrusu attiecīgi 5, 13, 17, 20 un 27 nedēļas. Viņu asinīs HIV tika atrasts, taču vīrusu slodze nepārsniedza 2000 kopijas kubikmilimetrā, kas ir mazāk nekā antiretrovīrusu terapijas atjaunošanai paredzētais daudzums. Iepriekšējie līdzīgu preparātu pārbaudes testi tikai 10% gadījumu deva iespēju kontrolēt vīrusu ilgāk nekā četras nedēļas. Neviena kombinācija agrāk nav ļāvusi ierobežot HIV ilgāk nekā 8 nedēļas. „No vienas puses mēs nomācām vīrusa darbību, bet no otras – nostiprinājām imūnsistēmu, lai tā varētu efektīvi reaģēt uz vīrusa mēģinājumiem atgriezties”, - pastāstīja Beatrise Mote (Beatriz Mothe), viena no pētījuma koordinatorēm.
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Source: «AIDS vaccine may be ‘functional cure’ for some» | By Jon Cohen | http://www.sciencemag.org/news/2017/02/aids-vaccine-may-be-functional-cure-some | 
SEATTLE, WASHINGTON—Positive results from small clinical studies without control groups often get dismissed as anecdote, and for good reason: Many don’t pan out in more rigorous trials. But when a field suffers as much failure as the search for an AIDS vaccine has over the past 30 years, researchers sometimes celebrate glimpses of hope.
That’s what happened here last week when scientists showed that a vaccine may have helped five people already infected with HIV keep the virus in check—a “functional cure” as some call it. The results, which need to be confirmed in larger studies, suggest the vaccine may boost the immune system enough to allow infected people to drive down HIV levels without taking drugs—although it’s not clear for how long. ...>
<... The 13 participants in the study had taken ARVs on average for 3.2 years; all had started treatment within 6 months after becoming infected, which helped keep HIV in their blood down to undetectable levels on standard tests. (More sensitive tests used solely for research purposes can detect HIV in all infected people.) The researchers theorized this had limited HIV’s ability to integrate into their chromosomes, leaving them with relatively small “reservoirs” of infected cells. This, in turn, should make it easier for them to contain the virus if ARVs are stopped—especially with a helping hand from a vaccine.
After receiving a series of three shots of the vaccine, the participants stopped taking ARVs. Within 4 weeks, the virus came roaring back in eight of them. The other five, however, have now gone between 6 and 28 weeks without having to restart treatment. Each of these “controllers” has had the virus become temporarily detectable at some point, but these “blips” have never gone above 2000 copies per milliliter on two occasions—the study’s criterion for restarting ARVs. ...>